
Why data transparency matters for MENA economies
Magda Kandil was a highly regarded economist and long-time supporter of ERF and The Forum. In her final column, written ...

Seven questions about Covid-19 and its consequences
What is the nature of the Covid-19 shock? What are the consequences of and immediate responses to Covid-19? Are lockdowns ...

Poverty in Arab countries: the likely impact of Covid-19
The economic slowdown caused by Covid-19 is expected to affect jobs, incomes, businesses and the flow of trade and remittances ...

The case for a solidarity tax to close the poverty gap in Arab countries
High rates of poverty coupled with high concentration of wealth in Arab countries indicate the need for stronger civic solidarity ...

Sources of the 2020 crisis in Lebanon
The devastating financial tsunami that is engulfing Lebanon has been brewing since the early 1990s. This column explores the economic ...

Access to finance in Egypt: structural and cyclical determinants
Access to credit is valuable for small and medium-sized firms in developing countries that have substantial growth opportunities; but it ...

Lebanon must learn from the Syrian disaster
Overlapping crises are threatening the political, economic and social stability of Lebanon. As this column explains, the disaster in Syria ...

Fiscal policy for Covid-19 and beyond
Covid-19 has hit developing countries hard. This Brookings column suggests that the crisis could galvanise governments to reduce ‘leakages’ of ...