Economic Research Forum (ERF)

Nathalie Hilmi

Author

Nathalie Hilmi
Expert in Macroeconomics and International Finance

Dr. Nathalie Hilmi is an expert in Macroeconomics and International Finance. In 2010, she joined the Centre Scientifique de Monaco as head of the section « environmental economics » and collaborated with IAEA’s Environment Laboratories to initiate correlation studies between environmental sciences and economics to evaluate better the socioeconomic extent of impacts and costs of action versus inaction with regard to carbon emissions. She works on Sustainable development in a multidisciplinary spirit. She is lead author for IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, next IPCC WGII AR6 and MedECC MAR1 reports.

Content by this Author

Entrepreneurship and economic development in the MENA region

Entrepreneurship has come to be considered one key to countries’ economic development. This column assesses the connection between entrepreneurship and the economic development of nine economies in the Middle East and North Africa over the period from 2006 to 2018.

Most read

The political economy of stalled structural reforms in MENA

There is a persistent pattern to the structural reforms that are required to underpin economic progress in the countries of the Middle East and North Africa: ambitious strategies are announced and partially implemented, but ultimately they are diluted or reversed. This column argues that the repeated stalling of reform is not primarily a failure of economic design. Rather, it reflects deep-seated political economy constraints rooted in rent dependence, elite bargaining and weak institutional credibility. Without addressing these underlying dynamics, reform efforts are likely to remain symbolic rather than transformative.

Untapped talent, unrealised growth: jobs and women in the MENAAP region

Only around one in five women of working age participate in the labour markets of the Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan and Pakistan. As this column explains, the region can no longer afford to leave half its human capital underused. Expanding women’s labour force participation is central to growth and resilience in the face of looming demographic change.

Closing the gender gap in political participation in MENA

Women across the Middle East and North Africa participate less than men in politics – not only in political parties and elections, but also in petitions, boycotts, protests and strikes. This column reports evidence from ten countries showing that differences in education, employment and political attitudes explain part of this disparity, yet a significant gender gap remains.

Labour demand and informal employment in Egypt’s manufacturing sector

Egypt’s manufacturing sector faces a dual challenge of weak job creation and persistent informality. Drawing on survey evidence on business behaviour and labour market dynamics, this column explains why job creation is limited and informal work remains such an integral part of how firms organise production. The generation of more formal jobs requires a comprehensive policy approach, one that goes beyond enforcement of labour regulations to reshape the economic environment in which firms and workers make decisions.




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